One of the most widely used transparent conducting oxides is indium tin oxide (ITO) — and for very good reasons. Indium tin oxide is well known for its electrical conductivity, optical transparency, and how easy it is to deposit as a thin film. In most cases, thin films of ITO are deposited on surfaces by...Continue Reading
From time immemorial, gold has remained a very precious substance. From making jewelry to cookware and industrial materials, gold has proven to be very useful and precious to man, particularly because of its high malleability, ductility, and lustrous nature. Gold is one of the most precious metals known to man, and it has a wide...Continue Reading
You must have heard about aluminium or seen aluminium in many different places. This is because aluminium is one of the most useful elements that nature offers. In terms of occurrence, studies show that aluminum comprises about 8% of the earth’s crust, making it the most abundant metal and the third most abundant element in...Continue Reading
New technology is coming out everyday, becoming more efficient and advanced each second. Technology makes life easier by having the internet at the tip of your fingertips in a matter of seconds. New apps are created daily to help us with everyday tasks like grocery shopping or calculating your tip at a restaurant. With all...Continue Reading
Optical coatings are widely used to change the reflectivity of the lens surface, from glasses to high-power laser applications. The core technology of femtosecond laser coating is that its coating has the characteristics of low dispersion and high damage threshold. This article talks about three commonly used sputter coating techniques, and introduces the physical principles...Continue Reading
Physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are considered to be the most attractive surface coating technologies and have a wide range of applications in various industries. Let us compare these two methods in detail. Physical Vapor Deposition Chemical Vapor Deposition Definition Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is a series of vacuum deposition methods...Continue Reading
As for the two most commonly used metals for engagement and wedding rings, platinum and gold, most people distinguish them by their different colors-platinum is naturally white, and gold is naturally yellow. However, rings made of white gold (composed of gold, alloys, and a rhodium plating) have a similar white color to platinum rings. Since...Continue Reading
Sputtering targets have important applications in many areas, such as architecture, optics, electronics and so on. Sputtering targets used in electronic industry can be subdivided into semiconductor target (also called anelva target), planar target, coated glass target, solar photovoltaic target, and so on. There are some differences in the selection and performance requirements of sputtering materials in different application fields....Continue Reading
Semiconductor wafers are the basic material for manufacturing electronic chips. The most important raw material for semiconductor integrated circuits is silicon, which is widely found in rocks and gravels in the form of silicates or silica in nature. The fabrication process of the semiconductor silicon wafer can be divided into three basic steps: silicon purification...Continue Reading
