1. Introduction Sputtering is a key technology for thin-film deposition. It was first introduced in 1852 to deposit metals that couldn’t be applied through thermal evaporation. Over time, sputtering technology has advanced, leading to the development of magnetron sputtering. Magnetron sputtering uses magnetic fields to control the movement of electrons. This improves the process by...Continue Reading

Sputtering is a widely used process in various industries, from electronics to optics. High-temperature sputtering targets are essential for applications that require materials to perform under extreme conditions. Here are the top ten sputtering target materials known for their ability to withstand high temperatures, listed from highest to lowest melting point. 1. Tungsten Sputtering Target...Continue Reading

Introduction Electrode coatings play a vital role in enhancing the performance and longevity of electrodes across various industrial applications. These coatings improve the electrode’s resistance to corrosion, wear, and other forms of degradation, thereby extending their service life and reducing maintenance costs. Precious metals, renowned for their excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, along with their...Continue Reading

Semiconductors are critically important in our world. The most significant application is in computerized or radio waves-powered electrical devices. These semiconductors are made of the widely abundant element, silicon. In fact, silicon is at the core of almost all kinds of electronic devices. One of the reasons why they are widely used in semiconductors is...Continue Reading

Physical vapor deposition (PVD) and chemical vapor deposition (CVD) are considered to be the most attractive surface coating technologies and have a wide range of applications in various industries. Let us compare these two methods in detail. Physical Vapor Deposition Chemical Vapor Deposition Definition Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is a series of vacuum deposition methods...Continue Reading

As for the two most commonly used metals for engagement and wedding rings, platinum and gold, most people distinguish them by their different colors-platinum is naturally white, and gold is naturally yellow. However, rings made of white gold (composed of gold, alloys, and a rhodium plating) have a similar white color to platinum rings. Since...Continue Reading