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One of the most widely used transparent conducting oxides is indium tin oxide (ITO) — and for very good reasons. Indium tin oxide is well known for its electrical conductivity, optical transparency, and how easy it is to deposit as a thin film. In most cases, thin films of ITO are deposited on surfaces by...Continue Reading

From time immemorial, gold has remained a very precious substance. From making jewelry to cookware and industrial materials, gold has proven to be very useful and precious to man, particularly because of its high malleability, ductility, and lustrous nature. Gold is one of the most precious metals known to man, and it has a wide...Continue Reading

You must have heard about aluminium or seen aluminium in many different places. This is because aluminium is one of the most useful elements that nature offers. In terms of occurrence, studies show that aluminum comprises about 8% of the earth’s crust, making it the most abundant metal and the third most abundant element in...Continue Reading

New technology is coming out everyday, becoming more efficient and advanced each second. Technology makes life easier by having the internet at the tip of your fingertips in a matter of seconds. New apps are created daily to help us with everyday tasks like grocery shopping or calculating your tip at a restaurant. With all...Continue Reading

Optical coatings are widely used to change the reflectivity of the lens surface, from glasses to high-power laser applications. The core technology of femtosecond laser coating is that its coating has the characteristics of low dispersion and high damage threshold. This article talks about three commonly used sputter coating techniques, and introduces the physical principles...Continue Reading